Ana Sayfa · Phrasal Verbler · Ünite 03
Ünite 03
Take, Make, Put & Give
take after, make up, put off, give in…
🇹🇷 Türkçe Özet
Take, make, put ve give ile kurulan phrasal verbler günlük İngilizcenin temelidir: take after (birine çekmek), make up (uydurmak; barışmak), put off (ertelemek), give in (pes etmek).
Gündelik Dilin Dört Fiili
Take, make, put ve give pek çok parçacıkla birleşir. Bu phrasal verblerin bazılarının birden fazla anlamı vardır (make up, take off, put on); bu nedenle bağlama dikkat edilmelidir.
TAKE ile Kurulan Phrasal Verbler
| Phrasal verb | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| take off | (uçak) kalkmak; (giysi) çıkarmak; hızla başarı kazanmak | The plane took off on time. / Take off your shoes, please. |
| take up | (bir uğraşa) başlamak; (yer, zaman) kaplamak | She took up yoga last year. / This sofa takes up too much space. |
| take after | (aile büyüğüne) çekmek, benzemek | He really takes after his father. |
| take over | (yönetimi, kontrolü) devralmak, ele geçirmek | A bigger company took over the firm. |
| take on | (iş, sorumluluk) üstlenmek; işe almak | I can't take on any more work. |
| take back | (mağazaya) iade etmek; (sözünü) geri almak | I take back what I said — I was wrong. |
| take in | (bilgiyi) kavramak, sindirmek; kandırmak | There was too much information to take in. |
MAKE ile Kurulan Phrasal Verbler
| Phrasal verb | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| make up | (hikâye, bahane) uydurmak; barışmak; oluşturmak | He made up an excuse. / Women make up 60% of the staff. |
| make up for | telafi etmek | This gift is to make up for missing your birthday. |
| make out | (zorlukla) seçmek, anlamak, çıkarmak | I couldn't make out what he was saying. |
PUT ile Kurulan Phrasal Verbler
| Phrasal verb | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| put off | ertelemek; (birinin) hevesini kaçırmak | They put off the meeting until Friday. |
| put up with | katlanmak, tahammül etmek | I can't put up with this noise any more. |
| put on | giymek; (kilo) almak; açmak, çalıştırmak | Put on your coat — it's cold. / He's put on weight. |
| put out | (yangın, sigara) söndürmek | Firefighters put out the fire quickly. |
| put away | (yerine) kaldırmak, toplamak | Put your toys away, please. |
| put forward | (fikir, öneri) ileri sürmek, sunmak | She put forward a new proposal. |
| put up | dikmek, asmak; (birini) misafir etmek | We put up some posters. / Can you put me up for a night? |
GIVE ile Kurulan Phrasal Verbler
| Phrasal verb | Anlamı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| give up | vazgeçmek, bırakmak | Don't give up — you're almost there! |
| give in | pes etmek, boyun eğmek | The children kept asking until I gave in. |
| give away | bedava vermek, dağıtmak; (sırrı) ele vermek | Don't give away the ending of the film! |
| give back | geri vermek | Please give back my book when you finish it. |
Dikkat
- Make up en az üç farklı anlam taşır; bağlam her zaman kontrol edilmelidir.
- Give up ve put off fiillerinden sonra -ing gelir: give up smoking, put off calling him.
- Put on (giymek) ile take off (çıkarmak) zıt anlamlıdır.
- Kalıp ifade: make it up to someone = birini hayal kırıklığına uğrattıktan sonra gönlünü almak.
Açıklamalı Örnekler
Özne
Fiil
Yardımcı fiil
Nesne
Sıfat
Zarf
Edat
Sözcüğün cümledeki görevini görmek için üzerine gelin.
subjectHeverbtakes afterobjecthis grandfather.
↳ take after = aile büyüğüne çekmek (ayrılamaz).
subjectTheyverbputobjectthe meetingverboff.
↳ Ayrılabilen: put the meeting off / put off the meeting.
subjectIverbcan't put up withobjecthis rudeness.
↳ Üç parçalı phrasal verbler asla ayrılmaz.
Sık Yapılan Hatalar
I took after my shoes.
→
I took off my shoes.
take after = benzemek; take off = çıkarmak.
She gave up to eat meat.
→
She gave up eating meat.
give up + -ing.
I can't put up this noise.
→
I can't put up with this noise.
put up with = katlanmak.
Put off your coat — it's cold.
→
Put on your coat — it's cold.
put on = giymek.
I'll make up you for it.
→
I'll make it up to you.
Kalıp ifade: make it up to someone.