Ana Sayfa · B1 Intermediate · Ünite 01
Ünite 01
Past Continuous
was / were + -ing
🇹🇷 Türkçe Özet
Past Continuous (was/were + -ing) geçmişte belirli bir anda devam eden eylemi anlatır: I was reading at 8pm = "Saat 8'de okuyordum".
Past Continuous Nedir?
Past Continuous (şimdiki zamanın hikâyesi), geçmişte belirli bir anda devam etmekte olan bir eylemi anlatır. was / were + fiil-ing yapısıyla kurulur.
Biçim
| Tür | Yapı | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| Olumlu | Özne + was/were + fiil-ing | She was reading when I called. |
| Olumsuz | Özne + wasn't/weren't + fiil-ing | They weren't watching TV. |
| Soru | Was/Were + özne + fiil-ing? | Were you sleeping? |
| Kısa cevap | Yes/No + özne + was/were | Yes, I was. / No, she wasn't. |
Was mı Were mü?
| Özne | Yardımcı fiil | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| I | was | I was sleeping. |
| he / she / it | was | She was cooking. |
| you / we / they | were | They were playing. |
Dört Temel Kullanım
| Kullanım | Açıklama | Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| Geçmişteki bir anda süren eylem | Belirli bir zamanda devam ediyordu | At 8 p.m. I was having dinner. |
| Arka plan / sahne kurma | Bir öyküde sahneyi kurar | The sun was shining and birds were singing. |
| Kesintiye uğrayan eylem | Daha uzun eylem + daha kısa kesinti | She was walking home when it started to rain. |
| Eş zamanlı eylemler | Aynı anda gerçekleşen iki eylem | He was cooking while she was setting the table. |
When ve While — Kesintiye Uğrayan Eylemler
Past Continuous, daha uzun bir eylemin kesintiye uğradığını göstermek için çoğunlukla when ve while ile birlikte kullanılır.
| Yapı | Örnek |
|---|---|
| Past Continuous + when + Past Simple | I was taking a shower when the phone rang. |
| While + Past Continuous, Past Simple | While she was sleeping, someone knocked at the door. |
| While + Past Continuous, Past Continuous | He was reading while she was listening to music. |
İşaret Sözcükleri
- at + saat — At 7 o'clock, I was having breakfast.
- this time yesterday / last year (dün / geçen yıl bu saatlerde) — This time yesterday, we were flying to Paris.
- when (-dığında) — She was sleeping when he arrived.
- while (-iken) — While I was studying, she watched a film.
- all morning / all day (bütün sabah / bütün gün) — It was raining all morning.
Sürekli Yapıda Kullanılmayan Fiiller
Durum fiilleri eylem değil durum bildirdiğinden, anlam "devam etmekte olan" olsa bile normalde Past Simple ile kullanılır:
| Grup | Fiiller | ✅ Örnek |
|---|---|---|
| Zihinsel durum | know, believe, understand, remember, mean | I didn't understand what he meant. |
| Duygular | like, love, hate, want, need, prefer | She wanted to leave. ( |
| Sahiplik | have (= sahip olmak), own, belong | He had a red car. ( |
| Duyular / görünüş | seem, look like, sound, smell | It seemed strange. |
B1 Düzeyindeki Diğer Kullanımlar
| Kullanım | Örnek |
|---|---|
| Rahatsız edici geçmiş alışkanlık (always / constantly ile) | He was always losing his keys. |
| Kibar ricalar | I was wondering if you could help me. |
| Gerçekleşmeyen planlar: was/were going to | I was going to call you, but I forgot. |
Türkçedeki "-iyordu": Her Zaman Past Continuous Değildir
Türkçedeki -iyordu eki hem devam eden bir eylem hem de geçmişteki alışkanlıklar için kullanılır. İngilizcedeki Past Continuous ise yalnızca birincisi içindir. Alışkanlıklar için Past Simple ya da used to kullanılır:
| Türkçe | Anlamı | ✅ İngilizce |
|---|---|---|
| Saat 8'de yemek yiyordum. | belirli bir anda devam eden | At 8, I was having dinner. |
| Her gün okula yürüyordum. | geçmişteki alışkanlık | I walked / used to walk to school every day. ( |
| Onu tanıyordum. | durum | I knew him. ( |
| Seni arayacaktım ama unuttum. | gerçekleşmeyen plan | I was going to call you, but I forgot. |
Açıklamalı Örnekler
Özne
Fiil
Yardımcı fiil
Nesne
Sıfat
Zarf
Edat
Sözcüğün cümledeki görevini görmek için üzerine gelin.
subjectIauxiliarywasverbreadingobjecta bookwhensubjectsheverbcalled.
↳ Past Continuous (daha uzun eylem) Past Simple ile kesintiye uğruyor.
subjectTheyauxiliarywereverbplayingobjectfootballadverbat 3 p.m.
↳ Geçmişte belirli bir zamanda devam eden eylem.
Whilesubjectheverbwas cooking,subjectsheverbwas settingobjectthe table.
↳ Aynı anda gerçekleşen iki eylem.
Sık Yapılan Hatalar
I was sleep when you called.
→
I was sleeping when you called.
-ing eklenmelidir: was + fiil-ing.
She were cooking at noon.
→
She was cooking at noon.
She (tekil) → were değil was.
He was knowing the answer.
→
He knew the answer.
"Know" bir durum fiilidir; sürekli yapılarda kullanılmaz.
While I studied, she was watching TV.
→
While I was studying, she was watching TV.
Aynı anda süren iki uzun eylem için her iki cümlecikte de Past Continuous kullanmak en doğal seçimdir.
I was studying when she was called.
→
I was studying when she called.
Kesintiyi bildiren eylemde Past Continuous değil Past Simple kullanılır.
When I was a child, I was walking to school every day.
→
When I was a child, I walked / used to walk to school every day.
Geçmişte tekrarlanan alışkanlıklar → Past Continuous değil Past Simple ya da used to.
She was having a big house.
→
She had a big house.
"Have" (sahiplik) bir durum fiilidir.