About EnglishWithKerim

What you get
📚
✏️
📊
🌙
Ünite 20

Inversion & Emphasis

konuşma ve yazı dilinde
🇹🇷 Türkçe Özet
Devrik yapı ve vurgu: so/neither/nor ile katılım (So do I / Neither do I), olumsuz zarf devrikleri ve not only... but also kalıbı.
Katılma Bildiren Devrik Yapı — So / Neither / Nor

Olumlu ya da olumsuz bir ifadeye katılmak için So / Neither / Nor + yardımcı fiil + özne yapısı kullanılır.

TürÖrnekAnlamı
Olumlu katılma"I love coffee." → So do I.Ben de kahveyi severim.
Olumsuz katılma"I don't eat meat." → Neither do I.Ben de et yemem.
Geçmiş"I went there." → So did I.Geçmiş zamanda katılma
Present Perfect"I've been there." → So have I.Perfect zamanda katılma
Kip"I can swim." → So can I.Kiple katılma
Olumsuz Zarflarla Devrik Yapı (Tekrar ve Genişletme)

Cümlenin başındaki olumsuz ya da sınırlayıcı zarflardan sonra özne ile yardımcı fiilin yeri değiştirilir.

Zarf/ifadeÖrnek
Never / Rarely / SeldomNever have I seen such chaos.
Hardly / Scarcely + hadHardly had we started when it rained.
No sooner + hadNo sooner had she left than the phone rang.
Not untilNot until she called did I realise the truth.
Only then / Only whenOnly then did I understand.
LittleLittle did I know what was coming.
Vurgu İçin So / Such + Devrik Yapı
YapıÖrnek
So + sıfat + was/were + özne + thatSo beautiful was the view that we stopped.
Such + was/were + isim + thatSuch was her talent that everyone noticed.
Not Only ... But Also + Devrik Yapı
  • Not only did he win the match, but he also broke the record.
  • Not only was she late, but she also forgot her notes.
  • Not only had they failed, but they had also misled the public.
  • ⚠ "Not only" cümlenin ortasında yer alıyorsa devrik yapı isteğe bağlıdır: He not only won but also broke the record.
Katılma Bildiren Devrik Yapı Ayrıntılı
BağlamOlumlu (So)Olumsuz (Neither/Nor)
Present SimpleSo do I.Neither do I.
Past SimpleSo did I.Neither did I.
Present PerfectSo have I.Neither have I.
KiplerSo can I. / So would I.Neither can I. / Nor would I.
Be fiiliSo am I. / So is she.Neither am I.
Me Too, Me Neither, Either ve As
ÜslupOlumluOlumsuz
GündelikMe too.Me neither. / I don't either.
NötrSo do I.Neither / Nor do I.
Farklı görüş"I love it." "I don't.""I don't like it." "I do."
Resmî (as + devrik yapı)She was delighted, as were we.He didn't agree, nor did his team.
Şaşırarak onaylama"Look, it's snowing!" "So it is!" (devrik yapı yok)—
Türkçedeki "Ben de / Ben de değil"

Türkçede ben de hem olumlu hem olumsuz ifadeler için kullanılır. İngilizcede ise her biri için farklı bir cevap gerekir:

Cümle❌ Sık yapılan hata✅ İngilizce
"I don't like coffee." (Ben de sevmem.)Me too. / So do I.Me neither. / Neither do I.
"I can't swim." (Ben de yüzemem.)So can't I.Neither can I.
"I'm hungry." (Ben de açım.)So do I.So am I. (be → am)
"I went to the concert." (Ben de gittim.)So went I.So did I.
Sık Yapılan Hatalar
So I do.
→
So do I.
Devrik yapı gerekir: yardımcı fiil + özne (do I).
Neither I don't.
→
Neither do I.
Neither + yardımcı fiil + özne: Neither do I.
Not only he won, but also broke a record.
→
Not only did he win, but he also broke a record.
"Not only" sonrasındaki devrik yapı için "did" gerekir.
Never I have seen this.
→
Never have I seen this.
Olumsuz zarftan sonra yardımcı fiil özneden önce gelir.
So beautiful the view was.
→
So beautiful was the view.
Sıfat + was + özne: So beautiful was the view.
"I don't like tea." "Me too."
→
"Me neither." / "Neither do I."
Olumsuz ifade → neither.
"I'm not ready." "I'm not too."
→
"I'm not either." / "Neither am I."
Olumsuz → too değil either / neither.
← Emotive & Evaluative Language